IoT-Based Emergency Rescue System for Real-Time Accident Detection and Location Tracking

Abstract

The increasing occurrence of accidents and emergency situations has highlighted the critical need for rapid response systems, with over 1.3 million road accident deaths reported annually and delayed emergency response contributing significantly to preventable fatalities, while IoT-based emergency systems are projected to grow at over 17% annually. Additionally, in disasters and industrial hazards, the lack of immediate location tracking and communication often leads to delayed rescue operations and increased loss of life. Traditional emergency response systems rely heavily on manual reporting, which can be delayed or impossible if the victim is incapacitated, and they often lack precise location tracking and automated alert capabilities. Furthermore, conventional systems do not provide continuous monitoring or integration with modern communication networks, reducing their effectiveness in critical situations. To address these challenges, the proposed IoT Emergency Rescue System utilizes the ESP32 microcontroller to develop an intelligent and automated emergency detection solution. The system integrates a vibration sensor to detect sudden shocks or accidents and an ultrasonic sensor to identify nearby obstacles or environmental changes. A GPS module determines the exact location of the incident, while a GSM module transmits real-time alerts and location details to predefined contacts or emergency services. The system also provides local alerts through a buzzer and displays status information on an LCD. Additionally, IoT integration enables remote monitoring and data visualization through cloud platforms. This smart system enhances emergency response efficiency, reduces rescue delays, and provides a reliable and scalable solution for saving lives in critical situations.