MODELING AND DESIGNING OF AUTOMATIC PLANT WATERING SYSTEM USING ARDUINO

Abstract

The Automatic Plant Watering System using Arduino is a low-cost, energy-efficient solution that automates irrigation for potted plants and small gardens. The system uses soil moisture sensing to determine when plants need water and controls a water pump or solenoid valve via a relay driven by an Arduino microcontroller. Modeling of the system covers soil moisture dynamics, water delivery rates, and power budgeting; the design addresses sensor placement, control logic (threshold or PID-like), reservoir sizing, and fail-safes. The result is a reliable system that conserves water, reduces manual effort, and provides a platform for scaling into precision horticulture applications